Nuclear deflection only works with early warning and manageable object sizes. [AI]
Refer to the article ..
https://old.rip/2025/12/25/largest-theoretically-possible-fireworks/
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AI prompt 1:
are nuclear bombs sufficient to protect earth from all kind of comets and meteorites?
AI response 1:
No. Nuclear weapons are not sufficient to protect Earth from *all* kinds of comets and meteorites, and they are only a last‑resort option even for some specific scenarios.
## What nuclear bombs might do
– For certain sizes of asteroids (on the order of a few kilometers or less) detected years in advance, a carefully designed nuclear standoff explosion (detonated nearby, not on impact) could vaporize surface material and create a jet of ejecta that nudges the object off course.
– Laboratory experiments and simulations suggest that x‑ray energy from a nuclear device could, in principle, deflect asteroids a few kilometers across if there is sufficient warning time.
## Key limitations and risks
– Nuclear devices are far less useful if the object is detected late (months or less before impact), is very large, or is a loosely bound “rubble pile” that might fragment into many still‑dangerous pieces.
– Detonating too close or on the surface could shatter the body instead of deflecting it, producing multiple impactors that still threaten Earth.
## Comets versus asteroids
– Long‑period comets often approach at higher speeds and may be discovered with much less warning, which drastically reduces the time available to launch and deploy any deflection mission, nuclear or otherwise.
– The higher velocity and possible volatile‑rich composition of comets make their response to a nuclear blast more uncertain than that of many rocky asteroids.
## Why “nukes alone” are not a shield
– Planetary defense depends first on finding and tracking hazardous objects early, then choosing from multiple techniques (kinetic impactors like DART, gravity tractors, and, in extreme cases, nuclear options), not on having a stockpile of bombs waiting.
– Treaties, launch risks, political concerns, and significant technical uncertainties mean nuclear devices are considered a potential emergency tool, not a universal or guaranteed protection system.
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AI prompt 2, follow-up:
if existing nuclear bombs are not sufficient to deflect the largest rocky or metallic asteroids and comets then how much larger explosive device is needed to be safe. give me a theoretical estimate in kilotons of tnt.
AI response 2:
/…/ [Calculations are omitted due to an unsupported format.]
## Energy scaling for large objects
For a ~1 km asteroid, studies suggest 1-10 megatons (Mt) TNT equivalent might suffice with 5-10 years warning, using optimized neutron-enhanced blasts.
For 10 km “planet-killer” asteroids (mass ~10^15-10^17 g), requirements jump to 100 Mt to several gigatons (Gt), /…/
Comets, being volatile-rich and up to 50 km across at high speeds (~50 km/s), could demand 1-10 Gt or more due to unpredictable fragmentation.
## Theoretical kiloton estimate
A baseline for “safety” against the largest threats (e.g., 10-20 km diameter, detected 10+ years out) is ~1,000,000-10,000,000 kilotons (1-10 Gt) per device, far beyond current stockpiles (~megaton-class max). This assumes ideal standoff detonation; real yields could be 10x higher for rubble piles or short warnings.
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