What We Still Don’t Understand About Life and Matter.
AI prompt:
Please give me a list in bullet points of the biggest scientific mysteries in chemistry and biology.
AI response:
Here are some of the biggest scientific mysteries in chemistry and biology:
In Chemistry:
– How did molecules give birth to life? The exact chemical processes that led non-living molecules to form self-replicating life are unknown.
– The Mpemba Effect: Why hot water can freeze faster than cold water under certain conditions remains unexplained.
– Prions: These misfolded proteins cause diseases but their peculiar behavior and chemical nature are still not fully understood.
– The origin of homochirality in biomolecules: Why biological molecules like amino acids have a preferred handedness is a major unsolved problem.
– The behavior of protons and neutrons inside heavy nuclei and the related European Muon Collaboration (EMC) effect involves unknown subatomic phenomena.
In Biology:
– How life originated: The exact biochemical and molecular pathways from chemistry to biology are a fundamental mystery.
– Completion of the tree of life: Determining the comprehensive evolutionary relationships among all living organisms remains a challenge.
– Understanding consciousness and the brain: The workings of the mammalian brain, including perception of pain and cognitive function, are not fully understood.
– Immune system complexity: The detailed mechanisms of the mammalian immune system continue to be deeply complex and mysterious.
– Gene silencing and molecular interactions within cells are still being unraveled in detail.
These mysteries highlight fundamental gaps in our understanding of how chemistry translates to biological complexity and the core phenomena governing life and matter.
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